Mer. Mar 26th, 2025

JOJO E L’ARTE GRECA: BELLEZZA E MOVIMENTO

Le similitudini e le differenza tra l’opera cult di Araki in uscita in formato anime a breve su Netflix

In attesa della parte 6 dell’opera di Hirohiko Araki, è giusto analizzare gli aspetti che maggiormente caratterizzano il disegno del Mangaka Sendai. Sia gli anime che i manga sono sempre stati un tripudio di riferimenti filosofici, artistici e anche religiosi ad altre culture. Un esempio ne è il celeberrimo fumetto Death Note, del 2008 dove si fondevano elementi tipici dello scintoismo, religione popolarissima nell’isola Nipponica, con quelli del cristianesimo. Molti mangaka si sono ispirati per la narrazione alla tragedia e alla commedia greca, ma soprattutto alla statuaria e all’arte. E’ questo il caso di Jojo no kimyou na boken (Le bizzarre avventure di JoJo), manga che è ormai divenuto un cult della cultura giapponese oltre che un must watch/read per gli appassionati del genere Shonen. L’opera, sin dagli albori, soprattutto per i primi capitoli, esalta la muscolatura e la bellezza dei personaggi, soprattutto quelli maschili, così come la statuaria greca del periodo classico. Ne sono un esempio Kars e Dio Brando, rispettivamente antagonisti della seconda parte (Battle Tendency) e delle parti prima e terza (Phantom Blood e Stardust Crusaders). I due personaggi sono infatti ossessionati dall’ immortalità, dalla giovinezza eterna e, appunto, dalla prestanza fisica. Il primo personaggio diventa infatti l’essere perfetto alla fine della seconda parte, in grado di trasformarsi in tutto ciò che desideri (chiaro riferimento alla possibilità degli Dei Greci di trasformarsi in quel che meglio credevano) e verrà sconfitto solo per una coincidenza fortuita; colpito da un lapillo dello Stromboli in esplosione, sarà catapultato nello spazio, dove rimarrà per l’eternità. Ciò che salta agli occhi è però la bellezza del villain (antagonista). Fisico scultoreo, sguardo gelido. Araki pone tantissima attenzione alla definizione dei dettagli e delle pose dei suoi personaggi, che, anche quando sono fermi nello spazio, non esprimono mai staticità. Infatti il mangaka stesso ha ammesso, durante la sua intervista come ospite al Lucca Comics, di essere affascinato dalle “pose in torsione delle opere rinascimentali di Michelangelo”. E’ possibile dunque notare quanto interconnesse siano la cultura e l’arte Giapponese con quella Neoclassica e, di conseguenza, quella classica. Icona dell’anime sono le cosiddette “JoJo poses”, citate nelle righe precedenti. Infatti esse, pur essendo molto strambe, hanno un valore artistico molto importante. I personaggi, pure stando fermi. esprimono pathos e movimento. Anche i due cattivi introdotti precedentemente hanno la loro posa, che quasi ricorda le statue di Prassitele, scultore Ateniese del periodo classico che rivoluziona la statuaria Greca. Infatti è il primo ad introdurre il sentimento nelle statue, ad imprimere ai protagonisti delle sue opere non solo perfezione e movimento ma anche un’espressione ai volti delle sue sculture a tutto tondo. Netta pare essere la somiglianza tra la tipica posa di un personaggio secondario della parte quattro, Rohan Kishibe, con l’Apollo Licio. Entrambi hanno un viso che esprime convinzione, certezza, forse presunzione e superbia. Rohan è infatti un personaggio molto convinto di se, ossessionato da tutto ciò che riguarda il realismo nei fumetti. Inoltre, l’abitante di Morioh-Cho (cittadina immaginaria nella quale è ambientato il capitolo “Diamond is unbreakable”), nella sua posa tiene il braccio destro alto dietro la testa e quello sinistro rilassato, proprio come l’opera di Prassitele. La differenza fra le due opere la

ritroviamo nel panneggio, assente nell’opera greca e stravagante in Rohan Kishibe, così come in tutti i personaggi di Jojo. Ovviamente questo può dare un’idea della contrapposizione che c’è tra le due culture di concepire il bello, che per Prassitele sta nella semplicità, per Araki nella stravaganza e nella convivenza dei contrasti. Ed è proprio nei contrasti, per assurdo, che vi è un altro elemento di somiglianza. Entrambi i corpi sono attraversati da due linee immaginarie ossimoriche; una curva e una retta, che formano la particolare costituzione inclinata in avanti e in laterale delle due opere d’arte

https://i.pinimg.com/564x/cc/57/de/cc57de30f6f294f46b8103a9d118c38a.jpg
Apollino | Opere | Le Gallerie degli Uffizi

Le due opere a confronto: a sinistra Rohan Kishibe e a destra l’Apollo Licio(1)

Notevoli, tuttavia, sono le differenze tra il manga di Araki e le opere di Prassitele. L’esempio eclatante è dato da Jolyne Cujoh, ragazza protagonista della parte 6 (appunto in uscita su Netflix) della quale sono accentuate le caratteristiche anatomiche femminili, una su tutte il seno, un po’ come l’afrodite Cnidia dell’Ateniese, prima scultura raffigurante una donna nuda in maniera integrale. Fin ora si possono notare due similitudini tra i due lavori, ma leggendo “Stone Ocean” (parte 6),  il lettore si accorge di trovarsi di fronte ad una protagonista che non ha pudore di mostrare il proprio corpo (lo si può notare nella scena della perquisizione in carcere), a differenza dell’ Afrodite Cnidia che si sente osservata e si copre per evitare la vergogna. Ciò sottolinea le differenze caratteriali tra una detenuta del sec. XXI e una divinità del sec. V avanti Cristo e di conseguenza, anche qui, la differenza di vedute tra le due civiltà

  1. Fonte: museo degli Uffizi, Firenze

Giuseppe Pagano

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